The rapid advancement of artificial intelligence (“AI”) has spurred remarkable innovation for the healthcare industry, while also resulting in swiftly emerging regulatory frameworks. On October 13, 2025, Governor Gavin Newsom signed into law California Senate Bill 243 (“SB 243”) – the first law in the nation to address the “human interface” of AI chatbots, especially those used by minors, by establishing strict requirements around transparency, safety, and behavioral integrity. Healthcare providers, technology companies, and digital platform operators must now anticipate and prepare for a regulatory landscape that establishes meaningful obligations around AI’s emotional and psychological impact on users. SB 243 will take effect on January 1, 2026.