On July 24, 2025, the European Parliament (EP) published a study entitled Artificial Intelligence and Civil Liability – A European Perspective. The study considers some of the EU’s existing and proposed liability frameworks, notably the revised Product Liability Directive (PLDr) and the AI Liability Directive (AILD), which was proposed by the European Commission
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U.S. Tech Legislative & Regulatory Update – 2025 Mid-Year Update
This update highlights key mid-year legislative and regulatory developments and builds on our first quarter update related to artificial intelligence (“AI”), connected and automated vehicles (“CAVs”), Internet of Things (“IoT”), and cryptocurrencies and blockchain developments.
I. Federal AI Legislative Developments
In the first session of the 119th Congress, lawmakers rejected a proposed moratorium on state…
NIST Welcomes Comments for AI Standards Zero Drafts Project
On July 29, 2025, the National Institute of Standards & Technology (“NIST”) unveiled an outline for preliminary, stakeholder-driven standards, known as a “zero draft”, for AI testing, evaluation, verification and validation (“TEVV”). This outline is part of NIST’s AI Standards Zero Drafts pilot project, which was announced on March 25, 2025, as we previously reported. The…
July 2025 AI Developments Under the Trump Administration
This is part of an ongoing series of Covington blogs on the AI policies, executive orders, and other actions of the Trump Administration. This blog describes AI actions taken by the Trump Administration in July 2025, and prior articles in this series are available here.
White House Issues AI Action Plan
On July 23,…
Forging a Modern Strategic Production Base: Senate Proposes Stand-Alone Defense-Production Powers for the Pentagon
The Defense Production Act (DPA) has long been viewed as the primary federal mechanism for managing and supporting defense production. Since it was enacted in September 1950—just months after the Korean War began—the DPA has armed the President with wartime-style powers to prioritize contracts, allocate scarce materials, and finance surge defense production capacity. These DPA…
What Life Sciences and Digital Health Companies Need to Know About CMS’s New Health Technology Ecosystem Initiative
On July 30, 2025, the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS) announced a new Health Technology Ecosystem Initiative—a collaborative effort between government and industry to unlock innovation by modernizing healthcare data flows among patients, providers, payers, and technology platforms. The new initiative does not contemplate any…
Italian Garante Adopts Statement on Health Data and AI
On July 30, 2025, the Italian Data Protection Authority (“Garante”) released a statement addressing the risks of using AI to interpret medical data. In this statement, the Garante recognizes the growing trend of individuals uploading medical analyses, X-rays, and other reports onto generative artificial intelligence platforms to obtain interpretations and diagnoses. It warns users of…
AI Office Publishes Final Version of the Code of Practice for General-Purpose AI Models
On July 10, 2025, the AI Office published the final version of the Code of Practice for General-Purpose AI Models (the “Code”). The Code is a voluntary compliance tool designed to help companies comply with the AI Act obligations for providers of general-purpose AI (“GPAI”) models. The AI Office and the AI Board will now…
Trump Administration Issues AI Action Plan and Series of AI Executive Orders
On July 23, the White House released its AI Action Plan, outlining the key priorities of the Trump Administration’s AI policy agenda. In parallel, President Trump signed three AI executive orders directing the Executive Branch to implement the AI Action Plan’s policies on “Preventing Woke AI in the Federal Government,” “Accelerating Federal Permitting of…
European Parliament Committee Recommends Commission to Propose EU Directive on Algorithmic Management
On June 26, 2025, the European Parliament’s Committee on Employment and Social Affairs published a draft report (“Draft Report”) recommending that the Commission initiate the legislative process for an EU Directive on algorithmic management in the workplace. The Draft Report defines algorithmic management as the use of automated systems—including those involving artificial intelligence—to monitor, assess,…